- IP: One of the most important protocols as it detects the IP address of a device which is later used for internetwork connections. It is using this protocol that the path with which the data shall be transmitted is decided. There are two common IP versions which are used, To know the difference between IPv4 and IPv6 , visit the linked article.
- ARP: It stands for Address Resolution Protocol. The physical address from the IP address can be determined using ARP.
- ICMP: It stands for Internet Control Message Protocol and notification regarding datagram problems can be sent back to the user using this. Any issue with the network is immediately notified to the user by ICMP. It can only inform the user about the errors and cannot rectify the problem
| 3. Host-To-Host Layer |
- This layer is parallel to the transport layer of the OSI Model
- The error-free delivery of data is the main function of this layer
- There are two main protocols present in this layer:
- TCP: Another integral part, the Transmission Control Protocol is a reliable communication protocol. It manager the flow of data, i.e. the sequence and segmentation of the data
- UDP: It is a connection-free protocol which makes it cost-effective but less reliable.
4. Application Layer - The topic three layers of the OSI Model: Application, Presentation and Sessions, when combined together, they perform similar functions as the Application Layer of the TCP/IP model
- node-to-node communication based on the user-interface occurs here
- Multiple protocols are present in this layer, a few common ones have been mentioned below in brief:
- HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol is used to manage the communication between the server and web browsers
- NTP: Network Time Protocol can set one standard time source in our computer, which enables sync between the server and the user
- TELNET: Telecommunication Network is used to have access to files present of the Telnet network and manage them on internet
- FTP: File Transfer Protocol, as the name suggests allows easy transferring of files
Other protocols of Application layer include Network File System (NFS), Secure Shell (SSH), Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP), etc.
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Since questions from this topic are asked in the Computer Awareness section of the major Government exams, candidates must be well prepared for the concept from the exam perspective as well.
Thus, to assistant candidates with their preparation, given below are a few sample questions based on the TCP/IP model, in the format of the multiple-choice questions, as asked in the final exam.
Candidates who are looking for study material and preparation strategy for the upcoming exams, they can refer to the links given below and start their preparation now:
Q 1. Which of the following is not a type of protocol under the Application Layer of the TCP/IP model?
Answer: (1) IP
Solution: IP or Internet Protocol is a type of protocol in the Internet Layer of the TCP/IP model
Q 2. How many layers are there in the Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) model?
Answer: (4) Four
Q 3. Which of the following is not a layer of the TCP/IP model?
- Application
- Host to Host
- Internet
- Network Access
- Physical
Answer: (5) Physical Layer
Q 4. Data Link Layer and Physical Layer of the OSI Model combine together to _______ layer of the TCP/IP model.
- Network Access
- Internet
- Host to Host
- Application
- None of the above
Answer: (1) Network Access
Q 5. The TCP/IP model was also known as the _______ model.
Answer: (2) DoD
Solutions: It was known as the DoD model based on the Department of Defense which helped in its development
Q 6. _____ is another name for an IP packet.
- Datagram
- Segment
- Protocol
- Department
- Address
Answer: (1) Datagram
Questions based on similar format and a bit more complex may be asked in the upcoming competitive exams.
Candidates must go through the information given in this article carefully as it will enhance their knowledge as to how a computer network functions and what is the role of such structured models in networking.
For any further exam updates, study material, preparation notes, etc., candidates can turn to BYJU’S and learn from experts.
Frequently Asked Questions on TCP/IP Model
Q 1. What are four layers of TCP/IP Model?
Ans. The four layers of the TCP/IP Model include Network Access Layer, Internet Layer, Host to Host Layer, and Application Layer.
Q 2. What is the difference between TCP/IP and OSI model?
Ans. The TCP/IP is a communication protocols suite using which network devices can be connected to the Internet. On the other hand, the Open Systems Interconnection or OSI Model is a conceptual framework, using which the functioning of a network can be described. To the detailed difference between the two, visit the TCP/IP vs OSI Model page.
Q 3. What is the TCP/IP model?
Ans. The TCP/IP model acts as a communication protocol for computer networks and connects hosts on the Internet. It is a concise version of the OSI Model and comprises four layers in its structure.
